Typica

Typica was historically one of the main cultivars of CoffeaThe botanical genus colloquially referred to as the “coffea genus,” which is comprised of over 120 individual species. These are generally opposite-leaved, evergreen shrubs or small understory trees... ArabicaArabica refers to Coffea Arabica, the taxonomic species name of the genus responsible for around 75% of the worlds commercial coffee crop.: Arabica refers to Coffea Arabica, the... planted across the world. It has less production for fruit per tree, but features good cup quality. It has a longer seed form than the other main cultivarCultivar is a term used interchangeably with Varietal in the coffee trade to indicate plant material, although there are distinctions.: The naming of a cultivar should conform to..., BourbonA coffee cultivar; a cross between Typica and Bourbon, originally grown in Brazil: Mundo Novo is a commercial coffee cultivar; a natural hybrid between "Sumatra" and Red Bourbon,.... Typica coffee plants are tall and have a conical shape with branches that grow at a slight slant. It has a rangey, open form.

The lateral branches form 50-70° angles with the vertical stem. The way I see it on farms, especially if not aggressively pruned, it has long secondary branches that tend to create a rangy, disorganized plant form.

Typica has fairly low production and good cup quality. C. Arabica Var. Typica is sometimes expressed as C. Arabica Var. Arabica, which is a bit confusing.

The issue is that “Typical Arabica” indicates the common form, as well as the original form, so when the Scottish MissionThe Church of Scotland and their Kenya branch, the Scottish Mission, introduced coffee from Reunion Island via Yemen to their site in Kibwezi Kenya in 1893, and later... brought arabica from YemenYemen has a coffee culture like no other place, and perhaps some of what we enjoy in this cup is due to their old style of trade...: Technically,... direct to Kikuyu, KenyaKenya is the East African powerhouse of the coffee world. Both in the cup, and the way they run their trade, everything is topnotch.: Kenya is the East..., that was Typica (with dark bronze tips – new leaf). When KonaKona coffee comes from farms along the Kona Coast on the Big Island of Hawaii: Kona coffee comes from farms along the Kona Coast on the Big Island..., HawaiiThe Kona district on the big island of Hawaii produces the best coffee from this state - clean, sweet and mild. : Ah, Hawaii... what a nice place.... was replanted that was Typica sourced from GuatemalaGuatemalan coffee is considered a top quality coffee producer in Central America. Due to our proximity to Guatemala, some of the nicest coffees from this origin come to..., with bronze tips. But over so much time and geographic change, these two Typicas would hardly be the same.

Typica has a host of sub-types, from Blue Mountain to BergendalBergendal or  Bergendahl Variety, an old Typica type coffee. In the 17th century, coffee plants originating in Yemen and transiting to India were ultimately introduced to the colony..., JavaThere are several types of Abyssinia variety coffee, but they are not from Ethiopia but rather Indonesia. Abyssinia 3 = AB3.  PJS Cramer, a Dutch plant researcher, introduced this variety... Typica to Guatemala Typica. All should have dark tips (new leaves).

There is a long history to the Typica lineage, as it encompases most of coffee’s disemination though the world:

“The Typica group, like all Arabica coffee, is supposed to have originated in southwestern EthiopiaEthiopia, formerly known as Abyssinia, or a coffee cultivar: Ethiopia, or more specifically the Empire under Haile Selassie,  was known as Abyssinia. The name is Latin, derived from.... Sometime in the 15th or 16th century, it was taken to Yemen. By 1700, seeds from Yemen were being cultivated in IndiaS-795 is a variety based on the " S-Line" coffees of  India, and stands for Selection 795,  It has a very fine cup, one of the best in.... In 1696 and 1699, coffee seeds were sent from the Malabar coast of India to the island of Batavia (today called Java in IndonesiaUSDA is (obviously) the United States Department of Agriculture. USDA also had coffee plant breeding programs in the past and one variety they distributed to Indonesia and was...). These few seeds were the ones to give rise to what we now know as the distinct Typica varietyA botanical variety is a rank in the taxonomic hierarchy below the rank of species and subspecies and above the rank of form (form / variety / subspecies.... In 1706 a single Typica coffee plant was taken from Java to Amsterdam and given a home in the botanical gardens; from there, a plant was shared with France in 1714.From the Netherlands, Typica was sent in 1719 on colonial trade routes to Dutch Guiana (now Suriname) and then on to Cayenne (French Guiana) in 1722, and from there to the northern part of BrazilBrazil is a coffee giant . As Frank Sinatra sang, "they grow an awful lot of coffee in Brazil".: Brazil is a coffee giant . As Frank Sinatra... in 1727. It reached southern Brazil between 1760 and 1770. From Paris, plants were sent to to Martinique in the West Indies in 1723. The English introduced Typica coffee from Martinique to JamaicaJamaica coffee can be excellent mild, lush coffee... sometimes. Like Kona and Puerto Rican coffee, it is soft, mild, clean and well balanced when it is good.: Ah... in 1730. It reached Santo Domingo in 1735. From Santo Domingo, seeds were sent to Cuba in 1748. Later on, Costa RicaCosta Rican coffee is typically very clean, sweet, with lots of floral accents. hey are prized for their high notes: bright citrus or berry-like flavors in the acidity,... (1779) and El SalvadorEl Salvador coffee had an undeservingly poor reputation for years, marred mostly by the inability to deliver coffee of high quality in an unstable political climate. Unfortunately, agriculture... (1840) received seeds from Cuba.In the late eighteenth century, cultivation spread to the Caribbean (Cuba, Puerto RicoPuerto Rican coffee has the typical"island profile". These coffees, which include Jamaica and Kona, have a soft cup, not acidic, balanced, and mild. : I have tried other..., Santo Domingo), MexicoMexican coffee originates from South-central to Southern regions of the country. For that reason, coffees from Coatepec and Veracruz are much different from Oaxacan Plumas, which are in... and ColombiaColombian coffee is highly marketed and widely available in the US. They have been largely successful at equating the name Colombian Coffee with "Good" Coffee. This is half-true...., and from there across Central America (it was grown in El Salvador as early as 1740). Until the 1940s, the majority of coffee plantations in South and Central America were planted with Typica.”

Typica is the “grandfather” of many other cultivars. Listed in the original Ukers book from way back, and added to later in the 50s:

• Kona
• SumatraIndonesians are available as a unique wet-hulled or dry-hulled (washed) coffees. Giling Basah is the name for the wet-hulling process in Bahasa language, and will have more body...
• Criollo
• ArabigoArabigo is a term seen in Latin America and refers to Typica cultivar.
• Pluma Hidalgo
• Bergundal AKA Garundang
• San Bernardo AKA PachePache is a mutation of Typica cultivar that orginates in Guatemala: Pache is a dwarf mutation of Typica coffee first observed at Finca El Brito, Guatemala. It is...
• San Ramon
• Chikmagalur
• Blawan Paumah
• K7
• K20
• BMJ
• Guatemala
• Pache Comum
• Pache colis
• VillalobosA Central America cultivar, a natural dwarf mutation of Typica: A natural dwarf mutation of Typica, found mostly in Costa Rica.
• Amarello de Botucatu